Deconstructing Orthorexia in an Age of Healthism and Social Media

Orthorexia, a pathological fixation with healthy eating, has recently emerged as a construct of interest in the field of clinical psychology. Despite its growing recognition, the origin of this construct remains unclear. This dissertation aims to contribute to the understanding of orthorexia by examining its emergence and contextual factors through a constructivist lens. The study found that the cultural, economic, and moralistic landscape of healthism and social medially have played a role in the development of orthorexia. The dominant clinical perspective of orthorexia was also deconstructed, revealing potential biases that may lead to pathologizing the experiences of those who demonstrate orthorexic behaviors. The study highlights the need for careful consideration of the risks and vulnerabilities associated with the integration of orthorexia into diagnostic and clinical models. However, it also acknowledges the reality of individuals expressing suffering in the form of orthorexic behavior and provides treatment considerations to honor their experiences and desire for relief in a clinical setting. This dissertation is available in open access at AURA (https://aura.antioch.edu) and OhioLINK ETD Center (https://etd.ohiolink.edu)

Transverse flux machines for high torque applications

PhD ThesisTransverse Flux Machines (TFM) present some interesting problems to the machine designer, electro-magnetically and mechanically. They offer the lure of an extremely high specific output, but only, apparently, at the price of intricate three dimensional flux paths, a complicated construction and a low power factor. The research covered by this thesis was concerned with the study, development and improvement of these machines with a view to reducing the detracting aspects of the marque whilst accentuating its advantages. Extensive three dimensional finite element analysis into a wide range of TFM topologies, was coupled with practical investigations into three prototype TFMs constructed at Newcastle University. The result of this work was an improved TFM topology with comparatively good power factor, a simple single sided geometry and a very high specific output.Rolls Royce International Research and Development Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Counci

Unravelling the mental health productivity puzzle : where do we start?

In this editorial we define 'productivity' and 'efficiency' in a mental health service context, outlining the key challenges to measuring these in practice. We attempt to bring clarity of thought to this often debated, but rarely researched area

An analysis of life expectancy and economic production using expectile frontier zones

The wealth of a country is assumed to have a strong non-linear influence on the life expectancy of its inhabitants. We follow up on research by Preston and study the relationship with gross domestic product. Smooth curves for the average but also for upper frontiers are constructed by a combination of least asymmetrically weighted squares and P-splines. Guidelines are given for optimizing the amount of smoothing and the definition of frontiers. The model is applied to a large set of countries in different years. It is also used to estimate life expectancy performance for individual countries and to show how it changed over time

Poster Session

Video provided is of MacKenzie Paul\u27s presentation. Abstracts Humanities Emma Beeler, Mississippi University for Women Adultery and Fidelity in the Lais of Marie de France Using both literary and historical analysis, I will examine contrasting depictions of adultery and fidelity within the lais written by 12th-century poet Marie de France. A lai is a type of narrative poem, ranging in length from 118 to 1184 lines. Many of Marie de France’s lais follow the literary trope known as courtly love; however, the reader is encouraged to sympathize with different characters depending on the lai. In some lais, the reader is encouraged to sympathize with the adulterous spouse, and in others, with the faithful spouse. To understand these different depictions, I will consider Medieval marriage law, church doctrine, and social factors, as well as literary aspects of the lais. Social Sciences Maddison Caldwell, Northeast Mississippi Community College Parenting Styles: Effects on Lifelong Growth This project will examine parenting styles and how each can affect lifelong development. The parenting styles authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved will be explored. This project will require extensive analysis through different studies and scholarly articles. Parenting styles affect a child’s behavior, social competence, personality, well-being, and career choices. A parent’s choice of a parenting style affects their child their whole entire life. The authoritative parenting style was found to be the most beneficial style that can be used by a parent, while the authoritarian style was prone to cause conflict within the family. When the permissive parenting style is used, children were found to not set boundaries for themselves. Lasty, the uninvolved parenting styles causes relationship difficulties the child inhibits. I will also include a graph to show and explain how the different styles affect different aspects of life. This project clearly explains the four parenting styles and how they affect lifelong development throughout a child’s life. MacKenzie Paul, Mississippi State University To Sweeten or Not to Sweeten: The Unique Impact of Emotional Support and Fatalism on Sugar Consumption Among Southeastern Native Americans In 2020, 14.8% of Mississippi adults and 12.6% of Louisiana adults reported having diabetes, as compared to the national average of 10.8%. Furthermore, Native Americans of Mississippi and Louisiana experience disproportionately higher diabetes prevalence at 38% and 34% respectively. Research has shown that excessive sugar consumption is associated with an increased risk of developing type-2 diabetes. Psychosocial variables such as chronic disease fatalism and emotional support may also influence diabetes self-care behaviors including food consumption patterns like sugar intake. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the impact of emotional support and fatalism on sugar consumption among Southeastern Native Americans. The Mississippi INBRE Telenutrition Center Community Health Assessment Survey was utilized to survey 368 adults from Mississippi and Louisiana. Eighty-one of the participants, who self-identified as Native American, were included in the study. A hierarchal linear regression analysis showed that increased emotional support was significantly related with reduced sugar consumption (β = -0.307, p = 0.004), and increased fatalism was significantly associated with elevated sugar consumption (β = 0.286, p = 0.007). More research is necessary to substantiate this relationship among a broader Southeastern Native American population and identify potential implications for diabetes management in this disparate group. STEM Shirli Salihaj, Mississippi University for Women Surface Reconstruction via the Curvature Interpolation Method The surface reconstruction for scattered data becomes a problem as the number of sample points increases to construct a continuous function that satisfies given conditions in three dimensions (3D). However, it is known that this problem does not have a definite solution and therefore requires numerical approximations. This project studies the Curvature Interpolation Method with Iterative Refinement (IR-CIM), an innovative algorithm that produces smooth and reliable surfaces from 3D point cloud data. I use pre-collected data by Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology and MATLAB to perform digital image processing. I first study interpolation on 2D data and then practice with 3D data sets with simple interpolation methods to practice the implementation of IR-CIM for LiDAR data. The research objective is to compare the efficiency and accuracy of the IR-CIM with the inverse distance weighting method. Furthermore, I will verify that the IR-CIM outperforms the inverse distance weighting method and show that it is a good alternative to replace the outdated algorithm when processing LiDAR data. Sara Lynn Sligh, Mississippi University for Women Effects of Chloride Ion Channel Activators on CFTR Expression The purpose of this research is to determine the effects of newly synthesized compounds, which have shown the ability to function as chloride ion channel activators, on the expression of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane-conductance Regulator (CFTR), a protein found within Cystic Fibrosis Bronchial Epithelial (CFBE) cells. Mutations in the CFTR protein cause the genetic disease Cystic Fibrosis (CF). To conduct this research, a tissue culture utilizing three main cell lines is being performed. The three main cell lines are CFBE-wild type, CFBE-ΔF508, and CFBE-41ø. CFBE-wildtype contains the normal, functional CFTR protein. CFBE-ΔF508 contains the nonfunctional CFTR protein as well as the mutation that is responsible for over 70% of CF cases. CFBE-41ø is the parental cell line and will function as a negative control. The main method used to determine the effects of the new compounds is Immunofluorescence Cytochemistry. Through this method, images are generated that identify the location of CFTR within the cell while maintaining the cell’s integrity. These experiments are being run weekly to generate data via images captured by an immunofluorescent microscope. Stephen Trest, Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College The Bonnet Carre Spillway and Its Effects on South Mississippi\u27s Economy The Bonnet Carre Spillway is a flood control system located in Saint Charles Parish, Louisiana. In recent years, this spillway has been opened longer and more often than it had in the past. As a result, there has been a much larger quantity of fresh water in the Mississippi Sound, and this has killed a large quantity of marine life. This seriously impacts our local fishing economy. Many fishers have had to take entire seasons off because it would not be profitable to operate in these conditions. On top of the effects on fishing, the excess fresh water contributes to the flesh-eating bacteria outbreak which has plagued our beaches for years. 2019 was the first time in history that the Bonnet Carre was opened twice in one year, and it was also a particularly bad year for flesh-eating bacteria on our beaches; tourism is a major industry on the coast, and the beach is the main reason for that. We need a healthy Mississippi Sound for our coastal economy to thrive, and the repeated flooding of fresh water through the Bonnet Carre is negatively affecting that. Since flooding New Orleans is not an option, I will go over the other possible solution: restoring the Mississippi River Delta

The UK myotonic dystrophy patient registry: facilitating and accelerating clinical research

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most frequent muscular dystrophy worldwide with complex, multi-systemic, and progressively worsening symptoms. There is currently no treatment for this inherited disorder and research can be challenging due to the rarity and variability of the disease. The UK Myotonic Dystrophy Patient Registry is a patient self-enrolling online database collecting clinical and genetic information. For this cross-sectional “snapshot” analysis, 556 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of DM1 registered between May 2012 and July 2016 were included. An almost even distribution was seen between genders and a broad range of ages was present from 8 months to 78 years, with the largest proportion between 30 and 59 years. The two most frequent symptoms were fatigue and myotonia, reported by 79 and 78% of patients, respectively. The severity of myotonia correlated with the severity of fatigue as well as mobility impairment, and dysphagia occurred mostly in patients also reporting myotonia. Men reported significantly more frequent severe myotonia, whereas severe fatigue was more frequently reported by women. Cardiac abnormalities were diagnosed in 48% of patients and more than one-third of them needed a cardiac implant. Fifteen percent of patients used a non-invasive ventilation and cataracts were removed in 26% of patients, 65% of which before the age of 50 years. The registry’s primary aim was to facilitate and accelerate clinical research. However, these data also allow us to formulate questions for hypothesis-driven research that may lead to improvements in care and treatment

Exercise Counseling to Enhance Smoking Cessation Outcomes: The Fit2Quit Randomized Controlled Trial

Methods: A parallel, two-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Adult cigarette smokers (n = 906) who were insufficiently active and interested in quitting were randomized to receive the Fit2Quit intervention (10 exercise telephone counseling sessions over 6 months) plus usual care (behavioral counseling and nicotine replacement therapy) or usual care alone

Author Correction: Deubiquitinase Usp12 functions noncatalytically to induce autophagy and confer neuroprotection in models of Huntington's disease.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper

Evolution of thorax architecture in ant castes highlights trade-off between flight and ground behaviors

The concerted evolution of morphological and behavioral specializations has compelling examples in ant castes. Unique to ants is a marked divergence between winged queens and wingless workers, but morphological specializations for behaviors on the ground have been overlooked. We analyzed thorax morphology of queens and workers in species from 21 of the 25 ant subfamilies. We uncovered unique skeletomuscular modifications in workers that presumably increase power and flexibility of head-thorax articulation, emphasizing that workers are not simply wingless versions of queens. We also identified two distinct types of queens and showed repeated evolutionary associations with strategies of colony foundation. Solitary founding queens that hunt have a more worker-like thorax. Our results reveal that ants invest in the relative size of thorax segments according to their tasks. Versatility of head movements allows for better manipulation of food and objects, which arguably contributed to the ants' ecological and evolutionary success. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01539.001.FCT fellowship: (SFRH/BPD/65529/2009), Oeiras Municipality Installation Grant

Genes Suggest Ancestral Colour Polymorphisms Are Shared across Morphologically Cryptic Species in Arctic Bumblebees

email Suzanne orcd idCopyright: © 2015 Williams et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited